(i) The nature of the landscape (relief): The landscape is extremely flat and monotonous. This has provided a number of advantages including:-
- Easy construction of canals
- Easy mechanisation
- Easy construction of transport network.
- Gravitational flow of water through the canals due to the gentle sloping nature of the land.

(ii) Presence of water from the Niles for irrigation.
(iii) Availability of capital.
(iv) Presence of fertile loam soils at the initial stages.
(v) Clay soils which do not easily let water to go, so the canals do not require concrete.
(vi) Presence of labour.
(vii) Hot and dry climate that discourages multiplication of pests
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