eastern route
this go through the port of thunder bay, the great lakes and st. Lawrence river, port Montreal and quebec.
the other branch is from the great lakes, then by the new york state barge and then through the new york port
it is most widely used route because of the associated favourable conditions
the factors that have favoured the use of eastern route include
- the opening up of the great lakes and the st lawrence seaway, thereby reducing the land cost
- it is the shortest distance to major wheat importers of western europe
- the route does not freeze for the greater part of the year
- there are many ports and port facilities on this route
- the advantages of the new york state barge canal which connects lake erie to the hudson river
the northern route
this go through the port of Churchill on hudson bay
it is least used route because of the following factors:
- freezing of hudson bay for the greater part of the year that is over seven months
- the long stretch of land route from regina to churchill is very expensive
- the limited portts and port handling facilities leading to congestion
- remoteness of the northern route because it passes through large tract of forested unproductive areas of canadian shield
- transport cost are generally high
the western route
it by the trans Canadian railway to the ports of prince rupert and vancouver
it has it own advantages that is why a lot of wheat is exported through this route especially to china, japan, Russia, and the other common wealth independent states as well as some south east asian countries.
it is ice free throughout the year due to the warm north pacific current, it has elevators and excellent port facilities
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