12 POSITIVE IMPACTS OF TRANS-SAHARAN TRADE

The trade stimulated the emergence of urban centres along the trade routes. Towns like Taghaza and Timbuktu developed due to the production of trade commodities like salt and gold respectively.

Profits from the trade stimulated the growth of strong empires as the kings levied taxes on the caravan traders. Examples of such empires include Mali, Ghana and Songhai.

Introduction of horses in the western Sudan belt led to strengthening of the state armies as horses were used by the armies to boost security in the region.
A class of wealthy traders emerged in western Sudan. These were mainly the local merchants who interacted with the merchants from North Africa.
The trade stimulated the emergence and growth of smithing technology and industry.

The trade led to the introduction of iron tools in wider areas of western Sudan. This boosted agricultural production in western Sudan and ensured food security in the area.
There was population increase in western Sudan due to increased food production as a result of better farming tools.
It also enhanced contacts between North Africa and the Sudan belt. This facilitated the spread of European goods and ideas between the peoples of the two regions.
The trade facilitated the spread of Islamic religion in the Sudan belt. For example, the Hausa traders were converted to Islam.
There was introduction of the Islamic system of education in the Sudan belt. The University of Timbuktu for example, teaching mainly Islamic syllabus, was one of the institutions that emerged as a result of the trade.

Sharia law was introduced in the states that accepted Islam in western Sudan.
The trade led to the introduction of the Arabic architectural designs in West Africa.
The Islamic and Arabic culture-language, mode of dressing and eating mannerisms also spread to western Sudan.
The mode of transport in the region was remarkably revolutionized by the introduction of camels and horses making transport efficient.

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