11 PROBLEMS LIMITING WATER TRANSPORT IN SOUTH AFRICA

• Presence of waterfalls and rapids
• Presence of water weed/hyacinth
• Existence of swamp vegetation on the fringes of lakes and rivers
• The shallowness of some rivers

• Steep gradient/escarpment
• The narrowness of some rivers
• Reduction in water levels during drought seasons
• Strong winds/storms on lakes
• Strong currents or tidal range cause accidents
• Presence of dangerous wild animals like crocodiles
• Presence of rock outcrops in lakes
• Floods due to heavy rains destroying ports
• Suds or floating islands
• Poorly developed transport network linking to ports
• The remoteness of some water bodies
• Limited capital to purchase modern vessels
• Inadequately skilled labor to handle the sector
• Limited government support
• Low levels of technology in shipbuilding and maintenance.
• Competition for cargo and passengers from other forms of transport.

• Poorly developed port handling facilities.
• Political instabilities and pirates

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