What is soil fertility?

Soil fertility refers to the ability of the soil to support the growth of plants by supplying all plants nutrients, water, and air in a sufficient and balanced ratio. The soil that supports the growth of plants by having nutrients, water, and the air is described as fertile soil.

Fertile soil will contain all major nutrients for basic plant nutrition such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as well as other nutrients needed in small quantities such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, and zinc. Usually, fertile soil will also have some organic matter that improves soil structure, soil moisture retention, and also nutrients retention and also will have PH between 6 and 7.